Acheampong, Joseph W. “I Will Pass over You: The Relevance of the Passover to the Understanding of Salvation in Contemporary Ghanaian Pentecostalism – A Critical Reflection from an Akan Perspective.” PhD diss., University of Hamburg, 2015.
Kaunda, Chammah J. “‘The Blood That Speaks a Better Word’: A Theology of the Altar and Blood (the Body of Christ) in Pentecostalism in Africa.” Pneuma 47, no. 1 (February 26, 2025): 7–28.
AbstractHow do Pentecostals conceive and understand the notions of the altar and the blood of Jesus in relation to humanity and other created things? How can these notions be expanded to include flourishing by integrating elements of prophetic justice, critical solidarity, and ecological lifestyle within a wounded world? In response to these questions, this article utilizes a withness-hermeneutical realist approach to construct a robust pentecostal theology of the altar and the blood of Jesus, grounded in the notion of the body of Christ. I argue that the cosmos is constantly renewed by washing it in the blood of Jesus. Due to the death and resurrection of Jesus, the earth becomes the visible manifestation of the cosmic altar of God, sanctified in the blood of Jesus, which also runs through the spiritual veins of the earth.
Knibbe, Kim. “‘Wash Your Hands and Be Washed in the Blood of the Lamb’: Pentecostalism and Corona in Nigeria,” March 30, 2020.
AbstractRarely do the physical and the spiritual agree. But it is only in the matter of the blood that there seems to be an understanding and connection between them. The blood is the currency of value in the spirit realm, and the life we live in the physical realm is in the blood. Therefore, the blood is of universal importance to both realms. In this book, Pastor Uzor Ndekwu explains the limited role of blood in the Old Testament and the comprehensive deliverance package in the Blood of Jesus in the New Testament. He equally draws from his many years of experience as both Deliverance Minister and Counsellor to explain how the blood of living creatures can be used by demonic powers to hinder the destinies of people. In summary, in this book, you will learn about: 1. The importance of the blood as the foundation of the Old and New Testaments 2. The limitations of the Old Testament blood foundation 3. How the evil ones can use the blood to destroy or hinder the destinies of people 4. How you can use the Blood of Jesus Christ to nullify the works of darkness 5. How the Blood of Jesus Christ can be utilized as a Covenant of Exemption and Substitution
Oke, Francis W. The Precious Blood of Jesus. Ibadan: His Kingdom House, 2016.
AbstractPraying by the blood of Jesus is highly crucial in spiritual warfare. The power in the blood of the Lamb is the ultimate. No power supersedes it. The blood has been shed. But it must be appropriated and applied. You have the checkbook but you must write the check, This book will teach you how to apply this principle and technique.
Owiredu, C. Owiredu. “Charismatic Theology of the Blood in Ghanaian Christianity.” Pentecost Journal of Theology and Mission 4 (January 31, 2023): 82–98.
AbstractThere are several independent Charismatic churches in contemporary West Africa, where worshippers carry communion wine and olive oil to be prayed upon, and sanctified as sacramental substances and tokens either for spiritual protection or for dealing with various existential problems. However, the belief in tokens is an African phenomenon and not something attributed only to a group of Christians labeled African Charismatics. It is an irony, that while the leaders of the historic mission denominations and classical Pentecostal traditions often dismissed these resources of supernatural succor as demonic and discouraging their use in their sermons and publications, most of their own members secretly visit these prophets who give them tokens and symbols like holy water, soaps, handkerchiefs, olive oil, apotropaic baths, candles, concoctions, magical rings, magical creams and many more. Sacred statements, words and songs can also be considered as tokens. Some scholarly works have been done on African Christian songs. These include Hayfron and Quayesi-Amakye.155 However, their focus is not on the place of the blood of Jesus in African Christian songs.
Oyedepo, David O. The Blood Triumph. Lagos: Dominion Publishing House, 2012.
Zetterström-Sharp, Johanna. “‘I Cover Myself in the Blood of Jesus’: Born Again Heritage Making in Sierra Leone.” Journal of the Royal Anthropological Institute 23, no. 3 (2017): 486–502.
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